ALLENBY, EDMUND HENRY HYNMAN, VISCOUNT°

ALLENBY, EDMUND HENRY HYNMAN, VISCOUNT°
ALLENBY, EDMUND HENRY HYNMAN, VISCOUNT° (1861–1936), British soldier. Allenby commanded the Egyptian Expeditionary Forces which, in 1917–18, defeated the Turks in Palestine. In June 1917 he was sent to Cairo to succeed Sir Archibald Murray as commander of the British forces in Egypt and Palestine. British troops were then held up at Gaza after two unsuccessful battles. Deceiving the enemy into thinking he would launch a third frontal attack, he took Beersheba instead (October 31), thus forcing the Turks to withdraw from Gaza, and leading to the capture of Jaffa and of Jerusalem (December 9, 1917). By the autumn of 1918, troops transferred from Mesopotamia and India to Palestine were ready for forays across the Jordan, in which the jewish legion (38th and 39th Battalions of the Royal Fusiliers) took part. Allenby again deceived the Turks into thinking that he would attack once more with his right wing, but, having secretly transferred the bulk of his forces (some 35,000 men) to the orange groves north of Jaffa, he broke through on the night of September 18–19 and reached Nazareth via the Megiddo Pass before the Turks realized what was happening. Their escape routes blocked, tens of thousands of Turkish troops were taken prisoner in a decisive victory. Pressing on to Damascus and Aleppo, Allenby forced Turkey out of the war on October 31. For his achievements he was named Viscount Allenby of Megiddo and Felixstowe, and received a parliamentary grant of £50,000. Of massive build and forceful personality (known to his troops as "The Bull"), Allenby later became British high commissioner in Egypt (1919–1925). In 1918 he was present at the laying of the foundation stone of the Hebrew University on Mount Scopus. Though as a commander of the British Expeditionary Forces he was noncommittal toward Zionist aspirations, doubting the wisdom of British policy concerning a Jewish National Home, he later expressed an understanding of Zionism in a speech delivered at the inaugural banquet of the Hebrew University in 1925. One of the main streets in Tel Aviv is named in his honor. -BIBLIOGRAPHY: B. Gardner, Allenby (Eng., 1965); Great Britain, Army, Brief Record of the Advance of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force, 1917–1918 (1919); T.L. Jackson, With Allenby in the Holy Land (1938); A. Wavell, Allenby, a Study in Greatness, 2 vols. (1940–43); Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Banquet Speeches (1925), 50–51. ADD. BIBLIOGRAPHY: M. Hughes and F. Cass, Allenby and British Strategy in the Middle East, 1917–1919 (1999); D.L. Bullock, Allenby's War: The Palestine-Arabian Campaign 1916–1918 (1988); L. James, Imperial Warrior: The Life and Times of Field-Marshall Viscount Allenby, 1861–1936 (1994). (Edwin Samuel, Second Viscount Samuel)

Encyclopedia Judaica. 1971.

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  • Allenby, Edmund Henry Hynman, Viscount — (1861–1936)    British commander. Allenby was born in Brackenhurst Hall in Nottinghamshire. While still a young officer, he once confided to a friend that to have a garden and grow roses was the thing in life that appealed to him most. His… …   Who’s Who in Jewish History after the period of the Old Testament

  • Allenby, Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby, 1st Viscount — ▪ British field marshal in full  Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby, 1st Viscount Allenby of Megiddo and of Felixstowe  born April 23, 1861, Brackenhurst, near Southwell, Nottinghamshire, Eng. died May 14, 1936, London  field marshal, the last great… …   Universalium

  • Allenby (of Megiddo and of Felixstowe), Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby, 1st Viscount — born April 23, 1861, Brackenhurst, near Southwell, Nottinghamshire, Eng. died May 14, 1936, London British field marshal. He fought in the South African War and served as inspector general of cavalry (1910–14). In World War I, he commanded with… …   Universalium

  • Allenby — ist der Name von Greg Allenby (* 1956), US amerikanischer Wirtschaftswissenschaftler Robert Allenby (* 1971), australischer Profigolfer Viscount Allenby Edmund Henry Hynman Allenby, 1. Viscount Allenby (1861–1936), britischer Feldmarschall,… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Viscount Allenby — Edmund Allenby, 1. Viscount Allenby Viscount Allenby, of Megiddo and Felixstowe in der Grafschaft Suffolk, ist ein erblicher britischer Adelstitel in der Peerage of the United Kingdom, benannt nach der Familie Allenby. Stammsitz der Familie ist… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Viscount Allenby — Viscount Allenby, of Megiddo and of Felixstowe in the County of Suffolk, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 7 October 1919 for the prominent military commander Field Marshal Sir Edmund Allenby, with remainder, in… …   Wikipedia

  • Edmund — or Edmond [ed′mənd] n. 〚OE Eadmund < ead (see EDGAR1) + mund, hand, protection: see MANUAL〛 a masculine name: dim. Ed, Ned * * * (849–870) a …   Universalium

  • Allenby, British Columbia — Allenby was an important copper mining company town in the Similkameen Country of the Southern Interior of British Columbia, Canada, just south of the town of Princeton. It was for a short time the location of the Copper Mountain post office but… …   Wikipedia

  • Allenby —   [ ælənbɪ], Edmund Henry Hynman [ haɪnmæn], seit 1919 1. Viscount Allenby of Megiddo and Felixstowe [ ɔv me gɪdəʊ ænd fiːlɪkstəʊ], britischer Feldmarschall, * Brackenhurst Hall (bei Southwell, County Nottinghamshire) 23. 4. 1861, ✝ London 14. 5 …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Allenby — [al′ən bē] Edmund Henry Hynman [hin′mən] 1st Viscount Allenby 1861 1936; Brit. army officer: commander of Brit. expeditionary forces in Egypt (1917 18) …   English World dictionary

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